Abstract:

This review explores the intersection of Traditional and Indigenous Knowledge (TIK), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Integrated Fire Management (IFM) in ecosystems. Climate change is intensifying wildfires, increasing ecological, economic, and public safety risks. Traditional knowledge reflects centuries of human experience in using and managing fire across landscapes. Recent advances in AI offer new opportunities for wildfire monitoring, prediction, prevention, and management. Integrating TIK with AI can strengthen IFM by combining Indigenous fire stewardship practices with technological innovations. The review examines the potential synergies between TIK and AI in supporting sustainable and effective fire management. It also identifies key challenges, ethical considerations, and knowledge gaps related to their integration. Particular attention is given to Canada, where Indigenous fire stewardship, wildfire-prone landscapes, and growing institutional interest provide a valuable case study.