Fish Farming: Case Study 1, Jaintia Hills
Fish Farming: Case Study 1, Jaintia Hills
| Main Info | ML/JH/FS/001: Traditional Fish Farming: a case study from Jaintia Hills |
| Name of the Technique | Traditional Fish Farming |
| Source Publisher | Primary Survey, Jaintia Hills |
| Source Year | 2023 |
| History Of The Technique | The knowledge holder aged 54 years old from Jaintia Hills region have been rearing indigenous fish in her pond. The origins of these fish are mainly from Myntang, Syntu Ksiar and Amlarem - (Hatchery: where they bring the male and female fish and keep them for mating purposes). These fishes are reared mainly for the purpose of meat consumption and for generating revenue, except for the Chana Chana species which is reared for the purpose of ornamental use. |
| Manufacturing technique | Pond Maintenance: Firstly, the spoilage is cleared and excavated from the pond and then lime is added and applied to the whole pond for a period of twelve days in order to maintain acidity and pH maintenance. After completion of twelve days; Raw Cow Dung (RCD) is added onto the pond and left for a period of five days in order to prevent the fingerlings from dying and to procure natural feed for the fish. After completion of five days on application of RCD, water is finally added to the pond and the pH level of the pond is tested which should come to a range between seven and eight. This is when the pond is ready for fish rearing and the fingerlings are kept in the pond hence; keeping in mind that the water should be green in colour. The pond is then cleaned once in two years or after the fingerlings grows to about 1 ½ years. Sources of water for the ponds are spring and rivers. The temperature of the region in which the pond is situated is comparatively hot and humid in the summer and is cold in the winter and the best fishing season is during the month of June and July. Therefore, fish grow faster in hot and humid climatic conditions. |
| Method of Preparation | Feed: The feeds given to the fishes are: Maize and rice bran, cassava/ papaya/ sweet potato leaves, bought feeds, kitchen waste and others (natural feed from the pond) and they are being fed twice a day. Diseases and its Management: The common illnesses of pond fishes include Tail rot, Dropsy and Fish Tuberculosis – for treatment the diseased fishes are taken out of the pond and are kept in a bucket of salty water, to which ½ tablespoon of Potassium Permanganate is added to a medium bucket of water and the solution is then poured to the fish pond for the purpose of disinfecting the water. Therefore, in order to prevent such diseases from occurring repeatedly, the fish pond must be cleaned after every 1 ½ - 2 years. Thus, overcrowding of fingerlings should be avoided. Regular addition of lime and raw cow dung must be added to the pond in order to prevent the fingerlings from dying and in turn acts as procurement of natural feed for the fishes. |
| Material Composition | Fish Characteristics: (1). Rohu- Big scales. Long circular body, gray brown color body coat and a red color cane. Size- 1.5 - 2 kg. Mating Season- Feb - March (2). Silver Carp - Silver shiny fine small scales. Size- 1- 1 ½ kg. Mating Season- Feb - March (3). Major Carp- Size- 1- 1 ½ kg. Mating Season- Feb - March (4). Channa - Fine small scales. Size- 12 inches long. Mating Season- Feb - March (5). Gonius- Silver Fine small scales. Size- 0.5- 1 ½ kg. Mating Season- Feb - March (6). Common Carp - Black and red big scales. Size- 2- 14 kg. Mating Season- Feb - March |
| How to implement | Market: The fish produced are sold in the local market at a price of approximately Rs.250-300 per 1 kg and the annual income generated is approximately Rs.12,000 -15,000 in estimation. The rate can increase depending upon the market. A maximum number of 1000 fingerlings in 10763.91 sq ft of different kinds of culturable species are stocked since overcrowding of fingerlings has been reported to lead to illnesses. |
| New R & D leads | Pond fish being vulnerable to predators like crane and snakes is one of the major drawbacks of fish farming. Another drawback being the location of some of these ponds which is far off from the residence of the fishers, therefore, they are unab |
| Theme | Traditional Fisheries |
| Sub Theme | Fish Culture |
| Source Publisher | Primary Survey, Jaintia Hills |
| Source Year | 2023 |